نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد درس خارج حوزه علمیه قم و دانشیار گروه حقوق خصوصی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه فقه و حقوق خصوصی، دانشکده فقه و حقوق، دانشگاه شهید مطهری (ره)، تهران، ایران.
3 گروه فقه و حقوق خصوصی ، دانشکده علوم و معارف، جامعه المصطفی العالمیه، قم الشریف، ایران. سطوح عالیه، حوزه علمیه قم، قم الشریف، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The institution of ‘adl in jurisprudence, understood as imposing pressure on the wife in order to obtain financial compensation, represents a doctrine that raises new questions within contemporary family law regarding the limits of its legitimacy and the scope of its application. This study employs a descriptive analytical method and reexamines the relevant juristic evidences to clarify the boundaries of this concept. The findings demonstrate that the notion of fāḥishah mubayyinah, recognized in juristic sources as the exception permitting ‘adl, is confined to the commission of adultery, and its extension to other forms of misconduct lacks a reliable juristic basis. Building on this analysis, the principal contribution of the study is the formulation of the concept of “judicial ‘adl.” Drawing upon the principles of Imami jurisprudence, Article 1146 of the Iranian Civil Code, and Article 167 of the Constitution, the research argues that the application of ‘adl can be reconceptualized within a judicial framework rather than remaining a purely personal act of the husband. Under this approach, when indecency is established through a final criminal judgment, the court may, within proceedings related to dower or khulʿ divorce, adopt mechanisms aimed at achieving commutative justice between the spouses. This reinterpretation reduces potential conflicts between the wife’s financial rights and the harm suffered by the husband and provides a structured legal framework that prevents abuse. By distinguishing between personal ‘adl and judicial ‘adl, the study offers a reconstructed understanding of this juristic institution capable of responding to contemporary challenges in Iranian law.
کلیدواژهها [English]